Anatomical Relationship Between The Roots Of Upper Jaw Teeth And The Maxillary Sinus
Keywords:
Maxillary sinus, sinus maxillaris, upper jaw teeth, molar rootsAbstract
The proximity of the roots of the maxillary posterior teeth to the floor of the maxillary sinus (sinus maxillaris) represents one of the most clinically significant anatomical relationships in dentistry and oral surgery. This article provides a comprehensive review of the anatomical variations in the relationship between the roots of the upper premolar and molar teeth and the maxillary sinus. The study synthesises findings from anatomical dissection studies, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging, and panoramic radiographic analyses to characterise the degree of proximity, the prevalence of root protrusion into the sinus, and the relevant clinical consequences. Evidence indicates that the roots of the maxillary first and second molars most frequently exhibit the closest relationship to the sinus floor, with the palatal root of the first molar demonstrating the highest rate of direct sinus floor contact or protrusion. A thorough understanding of these anatomical relationships is indispensable for the prevention of oroantral communications, the management of periapical infections of odontogenic origin, and the safe planning of dental implant placement in the posterior maxilla
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